Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve — the vital connection between your eyes and your brain. It is often called the silent thief of sight because, in its most common form, it causes no pain and its early vision loss is so gradual that most people are unaware until significant damage has occurred.

The most prevalent type is open-angle glaucoma, which develops slowly and painlessly, eroding peripheral vision over many years. Acute angle-closure glaucoma, by contrast, comes on suddenly with severe eye pain, headache, nausea, and rapid vision changes — a medical emergency requiring immediate treatment. Both types can lead to irreversible blindness if left unmanaged.

Raised intraocular pressure (IOP) is the primary risk factor for glaucoma. However, some people develop the condition with normal eye pressure while others have elevated pressure with no damage. Other risk factors include a family history of glaucoma, age over 40, African or Caribbean heritage, diabetes, and extreme short-sightedness — all common among the Nigerian population.

Diagnosis requires a comprehensive eye examination including tonometry to measure eye pressure, optic nerve imaging, visual field testing, and pachymetry to measure corneal thickness. At Naderk Eye Centre, we use state-of-the-art diagnostic equipment to detect even the subtlest early signs of glaucomatous damage before vision loss becomes noticeable.

Glaucoma cannot be cured, but it can be effectively controlled to prevent further vision loss. Treatment depends on the type and severity and may include prescription eye drops to lower IOP, selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT), or surgical procedures such as trabeculectomy or tube shunt implantation. Our specialists create personalised treatment plans for every patient.

Because glaucoma has no symptoms in its early stages, regular eye examinations are the only reliable way to detect it in time. We recommend all adults over 40 — especially those with risk factors — to have a comprehensive eye check at least every two years. At Naderk Eye Centre, protecting your sight for life is our commitment.