Myopia, or short-sightedness, is a condition in which close objects are seen clearly but distant objects appear blurry. It occurs when the eye grows slightly too long, causing light to focus in front of the retina rather than directly on it. Myopia is now one of the most prevalent vision conditions globally, and Nigeria is no exception to this trend.

Research indicates that rates of myopia are rising sharply, particularly among school-age children and young adults. The primary drivers are believed to be reduced time spent outdoors and increased near work — reading, studying, and extended use of smartphones and tablets. Evidence suggests that natural daylight plays a protective role in healthy eye development, and urban children who spend more time indoors are at higher risk.

Genetics also plays a significant role. If one parent is myopic, a child has a roughly three times higher chance of developing the condition. If both parents are myopic, that risk rises to six times the average. However, environmental factors clearly influence whether a genetic predisposition translates into actual myopia, which is why lifestyle changes can make a real difference.

High myopia — typically defined as a prescription of -6.00 dioptres or greater — is associated with an increased risk of serious eye complications including retinal detachment, glaucoma, macular degeneration, and cataracts. It is therefore important not only to correct myopia with glasses or contact lenses, but also to consider strategies that slow its progression, particularly in children.

Myopia management options now available at Naderk Eye Centre include specialist contact lenses designed to slow myopia progression, low-dose atropine eye drops, and lifestyle advice such as spending at least 90 minutes outdoors each day and following the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes of near work, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds.

Whether you are newly diagnosed or concerned about your child’s glasses prescription increasing each year, our optometrists can assess your needs and create a personalised management plan. Book a myopia consultation at Naderk Eye Centre today to take control of your long-term eye health.